CREATION AND THE FALL OF HUMAN KIND

First Account of creation

Genesis 1-2:3

Introduction:

In the beginning, the universe was formless and chaotic. This became the beginning of God’s creative action.
God was the only/sole creator and he created by a simple utterance, “Let there be……,”
Creation was done in six days as follows;

Day One: Light and Darkness.

Day Two: Sky.

Day Three: land, sea and vegetation.

Day Four: Sun, moon and stars.

Day Five: Birds and sea creatures.

Day Six: Animals and human beings in His image.

Day Seven: God rested.

NOTE: The first account is God centered and describe God as the sole/only creator.

After each work of creation, God emphasizes the goodness of his creation and always ends with; “and Gods saw that it was good…..”

He created out of nothing by his command.

Second Account of Creation

Gen 2:4 – 25

It is a man centered story and everything is created to serve the needs of man.

The earth is described as a waterless and uncultivated desert.
God made man from clay or dust and put the breath of life in him.
God planted a garden called Eden in the East where he put man to cultivate and guard it.
God made fruit tree to produce food and in the middle of the garden, he put the tree of knowledge of good and evil.
God created animals and asked man to name them.
He commanded man to eat all the fruits except fruits from the tree of knowledge of what is good and evil.
A river flowed through and watered the garden.
The river then split into four rivers:-

Pishon
Euphrates
Gihon
Tigris

God then discovered that man was lonely and made him fall into deep sleep and created a woman out of his ribs as a companion and helper.
He initiated marriage because he is a caring and loving God.

The meaning of Biblical Accounts of creation

God worked as a spirit e.g. in the beginning the spirit of God was hovering over the waters.
God created the universe all alone. He is the sole creator.
He created by word of mouth and out of nothing and substance.
He created human beings in his own image and likeness.
God put man in charge of the creation and man is to take care of it.(Gen 1:26, 28)
After each work of creation, God emphasizes on the goodness of creation and always ends with “And God saw that it was good”.
God gave people/human beings understanding, namely; of good and evil and man had to make a choice.
The dignity of a woman is emphasized. She is portrayed as a companion to man and both are equal before God and are also complementary.
God is depicted as a God of order.
He created the earth with a plan e.g. He created light first to be used by human beings.
The seventh day is set aside by God as a holiday or sacred for rest and worship.

Comparison between the two accounts of creation

Similarities

In both, God is portrayed as the only sole creator.
In both, man is portrayed as a special creature; Man was created in God’s image and likeness and there was nothing else created in that way.
Both outline the creation of the living and non-living things i.e. heaven, man, plants and animals etc.
In both, Man shares in life with God. God breathed life into man’s nostrils and created him in his own image.
In both cases, the earth was empty, formless.
In both cases, Man is given special privileges and responsibilities and is to multiply and fill the earth.
In both stories, God existed before creation.
In both mankind is created into full sexuality (male and female).

Differences

The creation of the firmament, the sun, the moon, stars, fish and creeping animals is only mentioned in the first story.
The planting of the Garden of Eden and the making of the river is only mentioned in the second story.
The creation in the first account is out of nothing (word) but out of substance in the second account e.g. the creation of man.
In the first account, creation took place for six days and God rested on the seventh day (Sabbath) while there is no mention of duration and the Sabbath day in the second story.
The first account is God-centered i.e. God is pictured as the one doing the work of creation while the second account is man-centered i.e. man is created first and the rest of the creatures are then made to serve the needs of man.
Marriage is meant for procreation in the first account (Genesis 1:38) while it is meant for companionship in the second story. (Genesis 2:23 – 24)
In the first account man was created last but in the second account man is created first.
In the second story there is mention of the forbidden tree of knowledge of good and evil which is not mentioned in the first account.
In the first account God affirms the goodness of all that he created but this is lacking in the second account.
The privileges and responsibilities given to man are more emphasized in the first account. (Genesis 1:26 – 30)
In the second account human beings are forbidden to eat the fruits of the tree in the middle but in the second, they can eat all plants yielding seeds and none is forbidden.

Attributes of God from the Biblical Creation Accounts

Genesis 1 and 2

Attribute refers to the characteristic/ nature / quality or attribute of someone.

The two creation accounts bring out the following qualities of God;

He is the only God.
God is moral and is concerned with the behavior of human kind.
He is the sole creator and created out of nothing/substance.
He is a God of order, a planner and organizer of the universe e.g. He created in stages.
He is good and the source of goodness and real happiness. (Genesis 1:10).
He is a personal God and likes having a loving relationship with him.
He is all-powerful-omnipotent e.g. He created out of a word.

He is a spirit and Omni-present or is spiritually present everywhere.
In the beginning the spirit of God was hovering over the waters. (Genesis 1:2).

God is self-existent. He was there from the beginning.
He is the source of life.
He breathed life into man’s nostrils.

God is all knowing/ omniscient.
God is immortal (cannot die) /eternal.
God is a worker. His creativity is described as work.
God is the provider/sustainer of the universe.
He provides life, food and companionship to mankind.
God is Holy.
He consecrated the 7^th day and made it Holy and set it aside for rest and worship.

God deserves, honour, respect and obedience from human beings.
God is the author of human sexuality.
He created man and woman and made them equal.

Responsibilities given to human beings at creation

To procreate/ multiply.
To cultivate the land and guard it.
To name the living creatures.
To eat from all plants.
Not to eat from the tree of knowledge of good and evil.
To rule/ be in charge/ have dominion over other creatures.
To marry and procreate/ multiply.
To care for the environment.
To obey God.

Relationship between human beings and the environment from the creation stories

Both human beings and the environment were created by God/ have a common origin.
Human beings are superior to all other creatures.
Human beings should take care of the environment/ conserve/ preserve it.
Human beings have authority over the rest of creation.
Human beings should enjoy/ use God’s creation/ rest of creation was made for human beings.
All creation is very good/ human beings should treat the rest of creation with reverence/ respect.
Human beings and the environment are interdependent/ owe their existence to each other.
Human beings and the rest of God’s creation have a common destiny.

The teachings about human beings from the Biblical creation accounts

Human beings are created in the image/ likeness of God.
They have the breath of life from God.
They have the authority/ dominion over God’s creation.
They communicate/ fellowship with God.
They are special/ the greatest of God’s creation.
They have the ability to think/ reason/ make choices/ decisions in their lives.
They are blessed by God.
They have been given special place to stay/ Garden of Eden.
Human beings are to use other creation/ plants for their benefits.
They are to take care of the creation and till the land/ work.
Human beings are to procreate/ multiply through marriage.
Man and woman are to complement/ provide companionship for each other.
Human beings are God’s creation i.e. both man and woman.
The woman is created out of the man’s rib.

Teachings about marriage from the biblical stories of creation,

GEN. 1:26-29; 2:18-25

Marriage is monogamous.
Marriage is between a man and a woman.
It is a permanent union/ no divorce/ it is a covenant.
Marriage is for procreation.
It is a continuation of God’s work of creation.
Husband and wife should not be ashamed of one another.
Man and woman are to complement each other/ help each other/ are equal.
Marriage is for companionship.
Marriage is for love/ mutual relationship.
Marriage is sacred/ is ordained by God.

Ways in which Christians continue with God’s work of creation

Through procreation.
By planting trees/ crops/ afforestation.
Through generation of electricity.
By helping the needy.
Through provision of medical care.
Through advancement of science and technology.
Through discovery and space exploration.
Through provision of education and training.
By establishing income generating projects in rural areas.
Through cleaning of the environment.
Through building and construction.
Through growth and development of industries.
By conserving and managing wildlife.

Reasons as to why man is considered the most special creation of God

He was created in God’s image and likeness.
He has the will to choose between good and evil.
God gave him the breath of life/ share in the life of God.
He can worship/ fellowship.
He can reason/ is rational.
He was given control over the earth.
He is a caretaker of God’s creation.
All creation is for his benefit.
Consultations were made before his creation.
He was told to procreate/ co-creator.
● He was created with a mate/ social being.

TRADITIONAL AFRICAN VIEW OF CREATION

This refers to the traditional African ideas about creation.
The African creation stories are different from one community to another and myths are used to explain them.
A myth can be defined as a story that explains the origin of something, some customs and practices.
It has a deeper meaning and even tries to explain the origin of a community.

Common ideas in Traditional African views of creation

African communities acknowledge God as the creator of the universe.
1. God is the sustainer of his creation for example, He provides for human beings.
1. God is the only creator and created the earth independently.
1. God’s work of creation is continuous and he does so through humankind e.g. through pro-creation.
1. It is God who set up human customs and traditions which humankind should follow.
1. Man was created with a mate. The woman is supposed to be his companion and helper.
1. The creation of man was after the rest of the creation.
1. To sustain him, plants and animals were created for food.

Similarities between the traditional African myths and the Biblical accounts of creation

In both, God pre-existed the creation of the universe.
In both cases, God is portrayed as the creator of the universe and man and He did it independently/alone.
In both, God had a plan of creation; He did it in an orderly way.
In both cases, man has a close relationship with God although Man is not the same with him.
In both, Man occupies a special place in God’s creation.
In both, this good relationship remained until man disobeyed God/ broke the rules set for him and the consequences of the disobedience were punishment.
In both cases, man was created in order to complete God’s plan e.g. through pro-creation and maintaining the environment.
In both cases, man has a duty/obligation to worship or have fellowship with God and be obedient e.g. in the Bible God set aside a day for worship while African communities worshipped God in many ways e.g. through prayers, sacrifices e.t.c.
In both cases, God created man first and at a certain point created a woman as a companion. Therefore God is the one who institutionalized marriage.
In both cases, man was supposed to live forever until a misfortune happened and death was introduced into the world.
In both, creation is a continuous process and man is a pro-creator with God through procreation and taking care of the environment.
In both cases some attributes / characteristics of God are common e.g. He is the provider, a moral God, sole/only creator.
In both cases God gave mankind skills and gifts e.g. skill of cultivation and land respectively.

Differences between the traditional African myths of origin and the Biblical creation stories/African myths

In the African myths, God uses materials like clay, water and plants to create while in the first account God creates out of nothing
Some African myths do not specify where man came from while in the Biblical stories God created man and gave him the breath of life.
In some African myths the earth was created at one go while in the Biblical stories the earth was created in stages.
In the African myths an external object/animal causes the separation of God and man e.g. snake while in the Biblical story man is blamed for the separation.
In the African myths the woman is portrayed as inferior or subordinate to man while in the Bible man and woman are shown to be equal.

Teachings from the Biblical creation Accounts

We learn the following lessons from the Biblical stories of creation:

1. Human beings are given the mandate /power to subdue the earth.

This means that human beings have been given the ability to transform the world for their benefit through Science and Technology.

2. Human beings were given the power to name plants and animal.

3. Human beings were given the command to care for the environment and therefore, man has to act responsibly.

It is therefore wrong for man to misuse the environment.

4. Human beings are social beings.

Male and female were created for companionship.
Neither is complete without the other. So they should treat one another with mutual respect for they are both equal in Gods eyes.

5. Work and leisure are Gods gifts to human kind.

Human beings are expected to work in order to obtain their basic needs and to transform the world.
This is because, work was ordained by God. Work is also related to leisure.
Therefore the setting aside of the seventh day. It is a day of rest/recreation and worship.

THE ORIGIN OF SIN AND ITS CONSEQUENCES

What is sin?

Sin is the intentional, willful or knowledgeable violation of a norm.

It is a thought, word or action which is shameful or harmful to oneself, others or to God.

It destroys the relationship between human beings and even God.

Causes of sin

Genesis 3-11

Rebellion against God as human beings aspired to be like God.
Greed for power as human beings try to usurp the power which belongs to God alone.
Lack of knowledge of God.
Lack of trust in God’s providence.
Failure to obey God by eating the forbidden fruit.
Lack of satisfaction.
Temptation by the devil.
Selfishness.
Wicked ambitions.
Human weakness.
Stubbornness.

The consequences of sin

Genesis 3, 4, 6 – 9

As soon as the human beings disobeyed God by eating the fruit of knowledge of good and evil,the following consequences or results are seen; some of which were immediate and others long term. These include:

Human beings were alienated/separated from God.
Their friendship with Him changed to fear. (Genesis 3:8)
What had been innocent and good became shameful.
Adam and Eve were now ashamed of their nakedness, something they had not felt before they sinned against God. (Gen 3:10-14)
Pain will be part of human experience “…….I will greatly multiply your pain in child bearing…..” Gen 3:16
The Good relationship between God and human beings got ruined.
The Lord God sent them out of the Garden of Eden. (Gen 3:23 – 24)
The perfect relationship between man and woman is damaged.
Their relationship becomes one of hostility

The Lord said to the woman…., “you will still have desire for your husband, yet you will be subject to him,”….. (Genesis 3:23 – 24)
People have to toil and struggle to meet their needs,”you will have to work hard and sweat to make the soil produce anything” (Gen 3:17 – 19)
The earth itself is under a curse,”cursed is the ground because of you,”…. (Genesis 3:17)
The relationship between human beings and the land which they were created from become mortal enemies each struggling to take life from the others until the ground finally regains victory. (Genesis 3:19)
There aroseenmity between man and wild animals (Genesis 3:15)
Death sentence is passed upon all the people… “You will return to the ground….” “You are dust….” (Gen 3:19) (Roman 5:12) (1 Corinthians 8:19 – 23)
Murderous feelings began to get into peoples hearts e.g. Cain killed Abel, his young brother (Gen 4:8)
Human beings changed and became prone to sin “….the wickedness of man was great on earth…. Imagination and thought of his heart is evil continually”. (Gen 6:5 – 6)
The life span of human beings was reduced Genesis 5 “….. I will not allow people to live forever…” “…they will not live beyond 120 years….”
Global violence and forbidden marriages which led God to declare global destruction. (Genesis 6:1 –9, 18)
God felt regret and remorse having created human beings human i.e. sin awakened God’s anger. (Genesis 6:6 – 7)
God confused human language after the flood “…. Let us go down and mix their language so that they will not understand one another….” (Genesis 11:7)

GOD’S PLAN OF SALVATION OF MANKIND

The need for salvation of humankind started after Adam and Eve committed the first sin. God’s plan of salvation can be outlined as follows:

Man was given punishment instead of total destruction by God/ God still gave Adam and Eve a chance to survive.
God initiated the making of the covenant with Noah/ Abraham. (Gen. 6, 12:1-9, 15:1-20).
God sent prophets to guide His people.
God made a covenant with the Israelites on Mount Sinai under the leadership of Moses. (Ex. 19, 20, 24).
Prophet Jeremiah/ Ezekiel foresaw a new covenant to be written on men’s hearts when the old covenant failed.
God looked for Adam and Eve in the garden and gave them means to obtain food/clothes when they were naked.
He gave Adam and Eve a chance to punish Satan/ serpent by crushing its head.
The teaching of messianic expectations by Prophet Nathan to David.
God’s salvation was ultimately realized through Jesus Christ who restored fellowship between human beings and God.

TRADITIONAL AFRICAN CONCEPT OF EVIL

It is an offence against another person of the community or it is an offence against God, the spirits or ancestors.
African communities are aware of the existence of evil in the society and the existence of evil in the society and they try to avoid it.
African communities believed that God is good and did not create evil.
There are many ideas concerning the origin and nature of evil.

The following are some of the beliefs about the origin of evil;

Many African communities believed they could be malicious/malevolent spirits.
Such spirits could be having a grudge against the living who probably failed to pour libation and to give offering.
Evil people e.g. wizards, witches, sorcerers who are able to tap mystical powers and use if for evil. They therefore cause harm to the living
Breaking of taboos, this result in becoming ritually unclean.
Curses by parents and other older relatives e.g. uncles, grandparents, aunts etc.
This occurs because when one offends them e.g. through insults, neglect and disobedience.
Breaking of oaths/ a solemn promise.
Oaths were usually made in order to seal an argument or to defend one against malicious accusations.
Bad omen.
Certain acts, words or things which are believed to have the effect of causing harm.

Similarities and differences between traditional African view of evil and biblical concept of sin

Similarities

In both cases, God is the Supreme Being and is good. He is not the author of evil/sin.
Both believe that sin/evil arises from human beings disobedience and greed.
Both agree that sin causes a lot of human suffering.
In both cases, evil may result from failing in a social/spiritual obligation
In both cases, evil and sin results in human beings being separated from God
In both cases, God is the guardian of morality, law and order
In both cases, God is the guardian of morality, law and order.
In both it destroys relationships among human beings.
Both create a situation of fear and mistrust among members.
In both cases, the ultimate result of both is death.
10.Both evil and sin can result to destruction of God’ creation through natural calamities such as drought.
In both cases, evil and sin can be avoided through righteous living.
In both cases, there are spiritual powers associated with them.
In both cases, result in punishment by God.

Differences

African communities believed that the spirits of the dead are the cause of evil but not so in the bible.
Some African communities believed that evil is an independent or isolated power employed by human beings to cause harm. But it is not so in the Bible.
The Bible believes that sinners will have eternal punishment but Africans believe that punishment is only in the present world.
Biblically people are sinners as descendants of Adam and Eve i.e. sin is passed on from one generation to another. This is not the case in African society.
Although sin has separated humankind from God, Biblically there is a plan of salvation/ redemption, however, there is no such plan in African system.

Ways of dealing with evil doers in traditional African communities

Imposing heavy fines.
.Performing cleansing rituals.
Killing of the evil doers.
Cursing of the evil doer.
Administering of oaths on suspects.
Wearing of protective charms.
Ex-communicating the evil doers from the community.
Ridiculing them through songs.
Denying them leadership positions.

Ways in which the church today disciplines errant members

They are denied the Holy Communion/ other sacraments for some time.
They are suspended from the church.
They are denied leadership positions in the church.
They are denied some services of the church.
They are reprimanded by leaders of the church and told to repent their sins.
They are forced to repent in public about their wrong doings.
They are given stern warnings.
They are charged a fine.
Some churches assign the certain chores to perform as punishment.
Some churches withdraw certain privileges from the culprits e.g. pastors are defrocked.
Church leaders are transferred from one station to another.

How the church helps to bring back members who have fallen from faith

By visiting them/ inviting themto their homes.
By being patient/ forgiving them.
By evangelizing them/preaching to them/ teaching them.
By guiding and counseling them/ referring them to experts according to their needs.
Praying for them.
By inviting them back to church.
By encouraging them to repent/ confess.
By offering them material needs/aid.

Revision questions

1. 1994 Q 1(pp 2)

a) What are the teachings of the Genesis stories of creation?

b) Explain how Christians have continued with God’s work of creation

2. 1997 Q 1

Identify five responsibilities given to human beings by God in the Genesis stories of creation. (5marks)

3. 2003 Q 1 ( pp 2)

Identify five responsibilities given to human beings by God in the Genesis stories of creation. (5marks)

4. 2002 Q 1a

a) From the Genesis stories of the fall of human beings, explain the results of sin. (14marks)

5. 2003 Q 1 (pp 2)

a) State the responsibilities given to human beings by God in Genesis chapter 1 and 2. (6marks)

b) Outline the lessons Christians learn about work from the Genesis stories of creation. (12marks)

c) How can Christians care for God‘s creation today? (7marks)

6 2006 Q 1b

(b) With reference to the Genesis stories of creation in chapters 1 and 2, outline the attributes of God (7 marks)

7 2007 Q 1a,b

(a)Outline the difference in the two accounts of creation in Genesis 1 and 2 (10 marks)

(b) From the story of the fall of human beings in Genesis Chapter 3, state the effects of sin (6 marks)

8. 2009 Q 1a,b

(a)From the Genesis stories of creation, outline seven teaching about

human beings (7 marks)

b) With reference to the story of the fall of human beings in Genesis 3, state four effects of sin on Adam and Eve. (8marks)

Answers

1994 Q1

God is the creator of the universe
God sustains the universe/God is the lord of the creation
Everything that God made is good
God is a God of order/God created the universi and all that is in it in an orderly manner/ systemic manner
Human beings were created in the image of God/and likeness of God (hence they are the most important of God’s creation)
Human beings should observe the Sabbath/rest on Sabbath.
Human beings were put in charge of God’s creation/given the responsibility to look after / conserve/and preserve God’s creation.
Human beings should procreate/propagate/ continue with the work of creation
Human beings should worship god only
God is the God of power/nwht/and majesty/H calls things into existence by his spoken word
God is a true God (use of plural’ let us’)
Plants/animals/sunshine/and rains were made for the benefit of human beings.
God ordained work/man was commanded to work.
The woman was created to be a happy companion of man/man and woman were created in a loving relationship/to live in fellowship with each other.
Man and woman were complimentary to each/ and neither is subordinate to another.
Marriage is ordained by God.
Creation is not by accident but by the deliberate will of God.
Human beings were created to live in fellowship with God.
Human beings should obey God.

(b)

Through procreation/by having children/ offspring’s/and by nurturing them/bringing them up.
Caring and conserving the environment by preserving/maintaining/and improving it.
By caring for the under privileged/the needy/the poor/and mr. -ginalized/by providing their rights in the society.
By preserving life by keeping commandments “Do no,tkill’Vand teaching that life is sacred/gift from God.
Respecting/and protecting the rights/privilege of others.
By respecting the property of others/by keeping the commandment “Do not steal.
By preaching/practicing/ and promoting peace and harmony in the community.
Participating in the making of just laws/and opposing the unjust laws which oppress / dehumanize people
Using their creative talents by inventive/ innovative/creative/artistic
Through provision of education and education facilities geared towards teaching people how to cope with the environment
Through scientific and technological discoveries that help in the improvement/and enhancing of life and dignity of human beings /and by opposing the misuse of scientific / and technological discovery to degrade/and destroy life.
By providing work opportunities /training opportunities in order to help people realize self-fulfillment

1996 Q2

Both human beings and the environment were created by God/ common origin
- Human beings are superior to all other creatures
- Human beings should take care of the environment/ preserve and conserve it
- Human beings have authority over the rest of creation subdue the earth
- Human beings should enjoy God’s creation/ the rest of creation was made for the human beings/ use for glory of God
- All creation is very good human beings should treat the rest of creation with reverence respect.
- Human beings and the environment ( rest of creation) are independent/ over their existence to each other.
- Human beings and the rest of God’s creation have a common destiny. (5 marks)

1997 Q 1

Procreate -To rule over the rest of creation/ to care, conserve and preserve the environment
- Take care -To be in charge of the fish, the birds and all the birds and all the animals/ rule over God’s creation in charge -To cultivate the garden and guard it
- Eat – To eat from the fruits of the garden
- Obey – To obey God/ God’s command
- Marry – to get married/ should marry 5 x 1 = 5 marks)

2002 Q 1a

All human beings were to die
- Their friendship with God changed to fear/ God withdrew from company
- They experienced shame and guilt/ were ashamed of their nakedness
- Women became subject to man
- Human beings would experience pain
- Human beings would have to toil/ struggle in order to eat/ live
- The good relationship between human beings and wild animals was destroyed/ instead enmity between them was created
- The ground was cursed because of them/ produce thorns and thistle
- There was hatred among the children of Adam/ Cain murdered Abel
- Human beings became sinful by nature/ developed wicked thoughts
- Human beings days on earth were reduced/ the lifespan was reduced to 120 years
- Misunderstanding arose among human beings/ God confused their language
- The serpent was condemned to crawling/ eats dust
- The marriage relationship changed from mutual care to tension
- Human beings were expelled from the Garden of Eden
Human being/ animals/ plants were destroyed by the flood (14 marks)

2003 Q1 (PP2)

To cultivate and garden and guard it
To procreate and have children
To be in charge of fish, the birds and the animals, rule over God’s creation
To rule the rest of creation, to care, to conserve and preserve the environment
To obey God and his commands
To get married for companionship
Work was ordained by God Work makes human beings complete achievements, self- realization and self- fulfillment
Christians learns that work is to be done for 6 days and rest on the seventh day, as God did not create
Christians learns that one has to work to provide for his/ her family needs, be self reliant
Work was introduced to man as a punishment of their sin at the Garden of Eden
They learn to work to contribute to the development of the community
Christians learn that they should obey God’s command of sub-doing and conquering the earth and becoming co- workers
Work is a way of continuing the creation activity of God
Christians learn that work keeps them away from idle life which may lead to sin

All creation is very good, human beings should treat the rest of the creation with respect and severance
Christians should preserve, conserve and donate to the environment
Christians can care for god’s creation like wild animals by building game reserve
Christians contribute to the scientific discovery of medicine to wild animal diseases by providing money donations to such institution
Christians can care for God’s creation by standing to condone over cutting of vegetation i.e. deforestation
Christians should come together and join hands on controlling soil erosion e.g. gulf erosion

2006 Q1b

God is all powerful/ omnipotent
God of order/ orderly/ perfect
He is everywhere/ omnipresent
He is the provider/ sustainer
He is the creator
He is all knowing/ omniscient
He commands moral ( obedient – Adam & Eve) Gen 2: 16
He is loving (wants personal relationship with man)
He is everlasting/ self existence
He is a spirit
God is the source of goodness
God is holy Gen. 2: 3 ( 7 x 1 = 7 marks)

2007 Q 1a,b

The creation order of everything is mentioned in the first account but no order is given in the second account
Male and female are created at the same time in the image of God in the first account while in the second account man is made from dust and the woman form the man’s rib
In the first account creation is out of nothing but in the second account man is made out of dust of the ground as the plants are made to grow out of a garden
In the first account God gives names to what He orders to be while in the second account man is made to give names to all that God created.
In the first account human beings are to subdue the earth while in the second account God confines them in the garden of Eden.
In the first account creation is completed in six days while in the second there are no number of days given.
God rested on the seventh day in the first account but there is no day of rest in the second account.
In the first account there is no forbidden tree while in the second account is.
In the first account the spirit of God was moving over the face of the waters while in the second account the spirit of God is not mentioned.
In the first account God appreciated everything as good while in the second account He said that it is not good for man to be along.
In the first account God creates in unity with the spirit while in the second account He was alone.
In the first account God created human beings for procreation, while in the second account they were created for companionship.

(5 x 2 = 10marks)

Both Adam and Eve realized they were naked
They became ashamed
They hid from God / feared to face God
They started blaming each other
The serpent was cursed
Enemity between the serpent and human being developed
The woman was to experience pain in child bearing
The man was made to rule over the woman
The man was to toil/sweat in order to eat
The ground was made to produce weeds and thorns
Death was introduced in their lives
They were chased /banished from the garden of Eden (6 x 1 = 6 marks)

2009 Q1a,b

Human beings are created in the image / likeness of God
- They have been give authority / domination over God creation
- They communicate/ fellowship God.
- They are special / the greatest creation of God.
- They have the ability to think / reason/ make choices / decisions in their lives
- They are blessed by God.
- They have been given a special place to stay / Garden of Eden
- Human beings are to use other creation / plant for their benefits.
- They are to take care of the creation till the land work.
- Human beings are to procreate / multiply through marriages.
- Man and woman era to compliment / provide companionship for each other.
- Human beings are Gods creation / male and female
- The woman is created out of the man’s ribs. 5x 1 = 7marks)
They started dying yet they were to live forever.
They became afraid of God / they hide when He called them.
They lost authority over the other creation.
Man was to rule over the woman / inequality between man and woman set in.
The woman was to be in pain when giving birth.
There develop enemity between the human beings and the serpent.
They become embarrassed because of their nakedness.
They were expelled out of the Garden of Eden / separated with God.
They developed mistrust between man and woman. ( 8 marks)

Post Views: 222