Wanganga students collected the plant shown below during an education trip

Wanganga students collected the plant shown below during an education trip

a) Name the part labelled A.

Sorus

State the division to which the plant belongs

Pteridophyta

Give two reasons for the answer in above

• Leaves divided into leaflets known as pinna

• Presence of sori/spore being structures

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Ferns vary considerably in general morphology. Many have underground or superficial rhizomes, with the result that only leaves are evident to the observer. On the other hand, over 800 species of tree ferns with erect trunks are broadly distributed in most regions of the world. Some aquatic ferns, e.g. Marsilea have very reduced and rather inconspicuous stems. Fern leaves or fronds vary greatly in size and morphology but, with the exception of Psilotum, are all macrophyllous. This means that the stele of the stem has prominent leaf gaps except in Psilotum. Leaves of the aquatic fern Azolla are circular in outline and less than 1 mm in diameter, whereas those of the tree ferns, e.g. the genus Cyathea, are several metres in length.

The blade of the fern leaf is sometimes individual (though it may be lobed) or simple, or it may be divided one or more times, that is, compound. The individual segments of a compound leaf are called pinnae, with the still smaller segments of a twice- or more compound leaves being called pinnules

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