Give five factors that led to the development of urban centres in Africa during the pre-colonial period

Give five factors that led to the development of urban centres in Africa during the pre-colonial period.  (5mks)

• Trading activities led to the rise of convergent centres which later developed into towns.
• The existence of local industries led to population concentration in place that later developed into towns / mining centres.
• Existence of trade routes which linked various places led to the development of towns at major crossroads.
• Administration / royal centres later developed into towns.
• Development of centres of leasing later became urban centres.
• Religious centres.
• Places that were secure attracted population concentration and later developed into towns.
• Ports and harbours which were used as calling stations for replenishments developed into urban centres.   

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